準1級トップヘ 1月号 
 1月の第3回検定試験はたちまち来る感じがします。10月の第2回検定試験からまだ3カ月しかたっていませんが、前回あと5点以内というところで涙をのんだ方には待ち遠しい英検ですね。その悔しさをバネにこの3カ月がんばってきたみなさんにとっては前回の追試ともいえる、願ってもないチャンスです。今月は、そんなみなさんを応援する「5点アップの直前講座」です。
 今持っている知識を十二分に発揮して得点に結び付けるには、受験経験と試験問題の研究から生み出された解法テクニックといったものが必要です。今回初めて準1級を受験する方には、合理的な学習方法をもたらし、“準1級合格への最短の道しるべ”となれば幸いです。単語と長文一致問題にしぼって解説していきます。

単語と長文一致問題対策



1.単語の整理は二つのアプローチで

a. 話題で
  環境、金銭、気象、教育、犯罪といったジャンル別に整理するには、ある話題について書かれた文章を数枚読むのがベスト。単語本も話題別に整理されています。
b. 接頭語、接尾語で
  知らない単語もかなり推測でき、派生語も自然に記憶でき単語への興味がふくらみます。
 
<接頭語> pre-「以前の」、 com,-con- 「共に」、inter-「相互の」、trans-「越えて」、 mal-「悪の」、inter-「以前の」、ex-「前へ、外へ、超えて」、in-「中へ」、 dis-「取り除く」
<接尾語> -cure「気を配る」、 -spire「吸い込む」、 -quire「求める」、 -ceed,「進む」、 -claim「叫ぶ」、-stall「置く」、-quaint「知らせる」、-charge「積み荷」
<接頭語と接尾語で
構成される単語例>
in-spire「吹き込む」、in-stall「設置する」、 pre-cedent「前例」、ac-quired「獲得した、後天的な」、pro-ceed「前進する」、
mal-ignant「悪意ある」dis-charge「放出する」



2.長文の内容一致選択問題

 空所補充より得点率がよく、取り組みやすい問題です。問題文は二つ、1問に五つの設問があります。一つの設問が2点で、合計20点です。全体の2割、空所補充とあわせて4割が長文の読解です。
 問題文が時間内(1問12分)に正確に読めるかどうかは、英語力もさることながらその話題をよく知っているかにかかっています。日ごろから新聞やテレビなどで時事問題に関する情報を集めて関心を寄せておきましょう。出題されやすい話題は、環境、健康、科学、社会問題で、政治経済のような複雑な内容は見かけません。その内容を日本語で読んでもわからないものは、英語ではさらに理解できないのは事実です。

《長文読解 攻略法》
  1. まず、本文より前に設問文を読む。
  2. 設問文中の主な単語にアンダーラインを引く。
  3. この質問の答えはすべて本文の中に隠れているので、それを探し出す。
  4. 本文を読む。キーワードと、キーセンテンスを捉える。
  5. 読みながらアンダーラインを引いた単語に出合ったら、本文中にもアンダーラインを引き、設問の番号をふる。
  6. 答えのヒントはアンダーラインの前後にある。
  7. 4択で迷ったら本文に戻る。あくまでも設問に答える。
  8. 常識に反するものは正解ではない。




次の各文の( )に入れるのに最も適切なものを1〜4の中から選びなさい。
(選択後、「解答&解説」ボタンを押し、解説を見たい場合は続けて「OK」ボタンを押してください)

(1)
"Oh, are you two already (  )? Then I won't need to introduce you."
1 accustomed 2 acquired  
3 acquainted 4 accommodated ('01 準1級)
(2)
This special discount price is offered (  ) to customers who visit our showroom and buy furniture during our weekend sale.

1 excessively 2 exceedingly  
3 exceptionally 4 exclusively ('01 準1級)
(3)
Investigators found that the chemicals that killed the fish had been (  ) into the river by a local factory.

1 diminished 2 discharged  
3 dismissed 4 disregarded ('01 準1級)
(4)
With the introduction of fax machines, it became possible to (  ) documents and graphics using telephone lines.

1 transmit 2 transact  
3 transcend 4 transplant ('00 準1級)
(5)
Take advantage of this great magazine offer! (  ) for 50 issues for $99.00 and save 45% off the newsstand price.

1 Inscribe 2 Subscribe  
3 Contribute 4 Distribute ('00 準1級)

次の英文を読み、(1)〜(5)の質問に対して最も適切なものを1〜4の中から一つ選びなさい。
(選択後、「解答&解説」ボタンを押し、解説を見たい場合は続けて「OK」ボタンを押してください)

European Eco-Disaster

   The dark, ancient forests of Europe have provided the setting for numerous legends and fairy tales. Today, the future of those forests is darker than the shadows they cast. Europe's natural woodlands have been destroyed by loggers, pollution, urban sprawl, storms, and disease. According to a report by the World Wide Fund for Nature, less than 2% of Europe's forests are old growth, the rest being man-made. Furthermore, the European Commission (E.C.) is warning that more than 70% of the remaining trees on the continent are at risk of dying. The leveling of forests and loss of tree canopy have brought about a host of ills, including the destruction of ecosystems, soil degradation, and severe flooding. Not coincidentally, Britain, which has a notoriously bad forest-conservation history, recently had the worst flooding since records were first kept 300 years ago.
   Many have looked to the influential E.C. to take action, but it has taken few concrete measures. The various E.C. departments concerned with forestry are poorly coordinated, and member nations have failed to come up with comprehensive, standardized policies.
   Forestry policies have therefore largely been left to the powerful logging industry, which employs as many as 3 million people and is the eighth-largest industry in Europe. With wood demand so high, the industry has remarkably overseen an actual expansion in tree cover, but the growth is in fast-growing firs, which "are not doing much good for the environment," according to Glen Barry, president of an Internet forest-data source. The hurricane winds of 1999 that toppled millions of plantation trees in France and Germany would likely have done far less damage to natural forests. Moreover, managers of plantation forests usually keep the forest floor "clean" by removing deadwood and undergrowth, thereby threatening the habitats of hundreds of forest-dwelling species. Environmentalists like Barry believe that there needs to be a greater diversity of tree species in order to better protect animals and their habitats.
   Although Europe's ecosystems are considered by many to be a disaster, the E.C. could reverse the trend by reforesting abandoned agricultural land with native species. The United States, through its large-scale replanting program, could serve as an excellent model for such an effort. Barry believes that Europe should also do more to create lager forests. "Restoration ecology could make a significant impact on global warming," he said. "The east coast of America was deforested last century. Now, the forests are back and the region is a major carbon sink," absorbing carbon gases that would otherwise increase the greenhouse effect. By adopting such a program, Europe could help to fight climate change and restore biological diversity.

('02,準1級)

(1) Why does the author include the statistic from the World Wide Fund for Nature report?
1 As evidence that Europe's younger trees are disappearing quickly.
2 As evidence that the majority of Europe's ancient forests are already gone.
3 To suggest that some old-growth forests may have survived the ecological disaster.
4 To suggest that man-made forests are a potential solution to Europe's loss of tree cover.

(2) European forestation policies are now largely controlled by the logging industry because
1 E.C. efforts have been largely ineffective.
2 the E.C. handed over control to the industry.
3 the logging industry is working closely with the E.C.
4 environmentalists support the loggers' expansion of tree cover.

(3) What has been one surprising result of the logging industry's policies?
1 An increase in the number of employees.
2 An overall rise in the number of trees in Europe.
3 The habitats of many animals being better protected.
4 The industry's fir plantations withstanding the hurricane of 1999.

(4) What could the logging industry do to please environmentalists?
1 Leave more space between trees for animals.
2 Increase the size of forest plantations.
3 Plant a greater variety of trees.
4 Buy up unused agricultural areas.

(5) According to the passage, which of the following about the E.C. is true?
1 It still has the potential to create new forests.
2 It is now finally beginning to take serious action.
3 It will increase the number of forestry departments.
4 It has offered to aid replanting efforts in the United States.

 

 


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